When taking a photo underwater, I usually think about three things when choosing an aperture: I've also tested diffraction at 1:1 magnification. Please view the results of my diffraction tests in my Nikon 105mm lens review. The effects of diffraction are normally not noticed when posting photos "on the web", but you will notice the difference at 100% magnification. This is why the smallest aperture is usually F8. The smaller the opening, the more this effect results in the image getting blurred.Īt some point, usually around F29-F32 on a cropped sensor dSLR, increase of depth of field does not compensate much for the loss of sharpness.ĭiffraction happens much earlier on a compact point and shoot camera, because of their small sensors. Stated another way, diffraction is an effect that happens when light passes through a very small opening. This causes a loss of sharpness at small apertures, known as diffraction. Light waves traveling through the lens aperture get dispersed when the aperture is very small. The smaller the aperture, the less defined the boundary between the "in focus" area and the "Blurred" area. Backing up, snapping a photo, and cropping is a trick used to get more depth of field for a subject, especially when you don't need a large print. Getting closer to your subject will give you less depth of fieldīacking away from your subject gives you more depth of field. changing from F8 to 16) will give you 96% more depth of field. Making your aperture two stops smaller (e.g. If you are shooting a close-up at F22, and then you want to shoot something further away, you have to quickly “dial down” your aperture.Ĭhanges affecting Depth of Field, and other factsĪs I stated above, making your aperture one stop smaller will give you 40% more depth of field. Unless you have a very powerful strobe, the subject will be underexposed. It’s very common for beginners to try to shoot something 2ft away with an aperture of F22. Using too small an aperture will prevent your underwater strobes from lighting the subject if they are not close enough, due to strobe falloff. A quick rule of thumb, known as "F8 and be there", says shoot at F8 when you want maximum sharpness and don't care about depth of field or the background. Lenses often perform best when stopped down 1 or 2 stops. A very small aperture will keep the background almost in focus.Īperture will effect the performance of lens, especially zoom lens and non-prime lenses. A large aperture such as F2.8 will heavily blur the background. Smaller apertures on a dSLR, around F20 & greater, will result in loss of sharpness (Diffraction) at 100% magnification.Īperture controls the bokeh, or blur, of the background. changing from F11 to F16, will give you approximately 40% more depth of field. In general, closing the aperture by 1 stop, e.g. The smaller the aperture, the less light that enters the lens from all sources. This is sometimes true, but when doing macro photography, the DOF lies equally in front and behind the focal point.Īffects ambient light and strobe light. In nature photography, people are often told that the depth of field lies 1/3 in front of the focal point (closer to the camera), and 2/3 behind the focal point. Look at the first two photos below, in the last section on this page, and you can clearly see the areas that are in focus, which lie within the depth of field. The depth of field extends in front of this point, towards the camera, and behind this point. This area, parallel to your camera lens, is called the focal plane. The sharpest area of the photo is the location your camera focused on. Areas outside of the DOF are blurry, with the blurriness increasing the further away they are. The depth of field is the area of a photo that is in focus. F4 is one stop away from F2.8, so we "stopped down 1 stop."ĭepth of field (DOF) is an important concept. going from F2.8 to F4, is called "stopping down," or closing the aperture. Let's look at the apertures that have a 1-stop difference, going from a large aperture to a small aperture. – F22), the aperture gets smaller.ĭecreasing the aperture by one "stop" will let in 50% less light. F8, F11, F16) and the amount of light that enters through the lens decreases. As the aperture is made smaller, the F-stop increases in number (e.g. Here is a slightly more techincal explanation. The size of an aperture is referred to as an F-stop. F2.8, which lets in the most amount of light. Each lens will have a largest aperture, e.g. The aperture of your lens is an opening that can be made smaller or larger.
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Improved sealing throughout the machine helps keep dust and debris out.Study conducted by Caterpillar, August 2022 **Material moved per unit of fuel/Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Steering Inputs – Novice and expert operator steering inputs reduced by 75% in forward and by 67% combining forward and reverse.Novice operators using technology produced similar surface quality to the expert operators in manual. Surface Quality – Novice operator surface quality improved up to 51% using technology while expert operator surface quality improved up to 27% using technology.Expert operator blade inputs were reduced 32% with Assist, and 53% with Assist plus Grade. Blade Inputs – Novice operator blade inputs were reduced 45% with Assist, and 55% with Assist plus Grade.Completion Time – Novice operators took 49% more time than the experts in manual and narrowed the gap to 17% using Assist and to 9% by adding Grade.Productivity and Efficiency – Novice operators went from 9% lower productivity and efficiency than the experts in manual to matching the experts when using Assist.The team measured productivity*, efficiency**, completion time, final surface quality, and operator inputs. Each operator completed three runs of each task – one in manual, one using Assist technology features, and one using Assist plus Cat Grade with 3D. Two novice operators and two expert operators took on slot dozing, truck dump spreading/grading in sand, and side slope work. To demonstrate just how much these built-in technology features help, Caterpillar put them to the test. The cab is Third Party Grade Control Ready, equipped with CAN interface, harness pass throughs and mounting features to make it easier to install the grade control system of your choice.Ĭat Assist and Grade technologies work in the background to help dozer operators of varied skill levels and are especially beneficial to less experienced operators.Already invested in a grade infrastructure? You can install grade systems from Trimble, Topcon, and Leica onto the machine.All Cat Grade systems are compatible with radios and base stations from Trimble, Topcon, and Leica.Grade operator interface is intuitive and easier to use: 10-inch (254 mm) touchscreen, Android OS platform, operates like a smart phone.Track steering is used under light loads and blade tilt steering may be added under heavy loads. Stay on curb lines, centerlines, bottom of slope, etc., without operator effort. Automatically follow guidance lines from design plans with Steer Assist 3D.Cat Grade with 3D has no masts – low profile antennas are integrated into the cab roof and GNSS/GPS receivers are mounted inside the cab for better protection.Factory integrated Cat Grade with 3D uses GNSS/GPS to control the blade so you can get to design plan faster.*Feature not operational indoors or in areas where GPS signal is not available. Attachment Ready Option (ARO) provides wiring and mounting provisions for dealer installation of Grade with 3D, Accugrade, UTS, or other grade control systems.Slope Indicate is included in the main machine display and shows side slope and uphill/downhill grades to help operators with slope work.AutoCarry automates blade lift to help you maintain consistent blade load and reduce track slip.*.Traction Control automatically reduces track slip to save you time, fuel and track wear.*.Actively monitors machine load and track slip to help you reach optimal pushing capacity.*
It is possible that an alert could match an alert rule, but still not be routed beyond LogicMonitor’s interface. Are alert notifications being suppressed by one of LogicMonitor’s AIOps features? A resource (or website, EventSource, etc.) that is in SDT is denoted with a unique clock icon throughout the LogicMonitor interface to help you quickly identify SDT status. Keep in mind that alerts that occur during periods of scheduled downtime (SDT) display in the LogicMonitor interface, but are never routed for external delivery. For more information on customizing columns on the Alerts page, see Managing Alerts from the Alerts Page.
Microsoft has intentionally retained the familiar appearance, allowing a comfortable and convenient experience for users. Once you transition to Microsoft Edge, you won’t experience any issues navigating through multiple features. Since this web browser is based on Chromium, it looks and feels similar to Google Chrome. That said, the option to access the Chrome Web Store and a wide range of Chromium-repositories comes as a major relief. There’s no option to import and synchronize this data during the transition. Once again, the only drawback is that you’ll have to download extensions manually. Most PCs will not take longer than a minute before the transition takes place. Whether you’re transitioning from Internet Explorer or a third-party browser like Opera, Avast Secure Browser, or Mozilla Firefox, you can import data without any issues. Once you’ve downloaded and installed the program, the first launch lets you import a wide range of data, including history, passwords, open tabs, cookies, bookmarks, payment information, favorites, and more. Unlike Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge can be downloaded on Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, Windows 11, iOS, macOS, and Android platforms. With such tracking prevention features, Microsoft Edge is counted among the most secure internet browsers. On the other hand, you can even switch to Level 3, which removes complete access, and requires you to grant permissions. It lets most websites track your online activity without disruptions. If you’re not too concerned about tracking prevention, you can change the settings to Level 1. By default, you will begin with Level 2, entitled Balanced, to block harmful trackers. This version of the popular internet browser, therefore, comes with three different levels of tracking prevention. Since the tool integrates well with the Chrome Web Store, you can download and use a wide range of web apps on your computer.Īlso, Microsoft Edge focuses on the growing need for data privacy and security. If you’re looking for an alternative internet browser, this one will be a good choice. With Microsoft Edge download, the transition from one browser to another is seamless and hassle-free. As such, if you’re looking to watch movies on popular streaming websites, the program promises a smoother viewing experience. Additionally, it comes with personalized tab layouts, tracking prevention, the ability to reject or accept targeted ads, and 4K streaming. Compared to other Chromium-based web browsers, including Google Chrome, the latest version of Microsoft Edge is faster. You should be able to reproduce the problem by trying to apply a character map on a Mac version of Spriter.if not, I'm happy to provide any information you want to help identify why I'm having the problem.I can reproduce it every time. Are we to interpret the slow response to this issue as a sign that you have few mac users and have therefore put mac bug-fixes on the back-burner?Īlso, while I have your attention, I'm wondering whether you guys are already aware of the character map bug for OS X where dragging-and-dropping character maps doesn't activate them like it should. I don't mean to be rude-there's a lot about Spriter that I really love and my Windows version works great-but not fixing this is going to alienate a lot of mac users like myself and push us to go use other tools like Core Animator which are in the same price range. I’ll second the use of Retinizer app over this. If you want to uninstall Retinizer 0.5 more effectively, check thiss a matter of fact, many people dont want the program removal on their Mac computers. Organized by platform including iOS, Android, Mac, Windows & TV Easily see the. The other fix I've seen on the forum here is to run Spriter in low-resolution mode, which was actually enabled by-default on my machine and also doesn't fix the issue. Retinizer app install Retinizer app code Retinizer app simulator. The MakeUseOf article you guys have been sharing as a possible fix is from 2013 and the third party program it suggests we download (Retinizer) doesn't significantly change the Spriter UI. Click through from there to see a page with screen shots explaining the entire procedure.Do you guys have an ETA on the fix for the OS/X retina display issues? It looks like the issue with the UI being squashed on retina systems was reported at least as early as November last year ( ). Mostly this means that the fonts are much sharper but icons and UI elements are often. See the original post on Reddit: Force Word to use Retina Display for Text! This might also work on other programs. Retinizer is a very simple app that allows you to update standard Mac applications to support Retina displays. I think it's interesting that a plist entry in the ist tells the OS whether an app supports Retina or not. We cannot confirm if there is a download of this app available. Another option is the free app Retinizer, which I used for a while with Mathematica 8. Organized by platform including iOS, Android, Mac, Windows and TV Pre-defined screen templates or create your own Displays title and game safe areas for 4:3 and 16:9 aspect ratio TVs. Downloading Retinizer for Mac from the developer's website was possible when we last checked. Getting this to work is a bit tricky, and causes some glitches (at least in Word), but it's worth checking out. Mac Design & Photo Viewers & Editors Retinizer Download Download Retinizer Thank you for using our Mac software portal. When you launch Word, OS X will attempt to run the app at Retina resolution, but since it won't find any Retina graphics only Retina fonts will be substituted. Open ist with a text editor, and add the following to the end of the file, just before the ≪/dict> line: NSHighResolutionCapableTrue Save the file. I hope this helps as a temporary solution. After you've made a backup of Word, right-click on its icon and choose Show Package Contents. I tried using Retinizer to force Marvin to display at 2x and while many of the custom UI controls are still blurry, as well as the 3D molecule view of MarvinSpace, the 2D molecule view in MarvinSketch became sharp. What you need to do is add a key to Word's ist file. Retinizer What exactly it does Given a directory path: Will find all 'PNG' and 'JPG' files in it and, if needed, will add a 2x suffix to those filenames. This might interest anyone using a Retina MacBook Pro. Simulate user vision problems including color blindness and presbyopia (old age) De-retinizer to simulate normal display when using Retina display. When installed, OpenDrive 1.1.4 creates files in several locations. goPanel lets you easily connect and manage unlimited Linux servers. 4 may need you to do more than a simple drag-and-drop to the Trash. Easy-to-install and configure Apache or Nginx webserver, PHP, MySQL, FTP, domains, free SSL certs and emails on your server. GoPanel for Mac 1.7.GoPanel is an incredibly intuitive OS X app for the management of web servers, an alternative to existing control-panel apps you install on Unix-based servers for web hosting.
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Simply wrap the label of the link between square brackets and the URL between parenthesis. Linksįor links, Roam uses the same syntax as used in other Markdown flavors. So, for heading 1 you'd use Ctrl-Alt-1, and for heading 2 you'd use Ctrl-Alt-2.Īn important difference between Roam's Markdown flavor and other flavors is that Roam only supports three heading levels (1-3). To do this, hit Ctrl-Alt ( Cmd-Option on Mac) and the number of the heading level. To add headings in Roam, you can use the same syntax used in almost any other Markdown flavor by adding one or multiple hashtags at the beginning of a block, followed by a space:Īlternatively, you can use a keyboard shortcut to turn the block your cursor is in into a header. You can't bold part of an italicized text. This would be the correct rendering-alas that's not the case in Roam: _You can't bold part of an italicized text._Īs you see, the bold Markdown gets processed, but not the Markdown for italics. If you do, it'll look something like this: That means that you can nest _ within **, but you can't nest ** within _. While you can italicize part of a bolded text, you can't bold part of an italicized text. While Roam's Markdown flavor is solid overall, it also has a quirk to keep in mind. Alternatively, use the Ctrl/Cmd-h shortcut. To highlight a snippet of text, add ^^ to both sides. This isn't part of most Markdown flavors, but I'm glad Roam did decide to add it. Last but not least, it's also possible to highlight text in Roam using Markdown. In this case, Roam follows most flavors' syntax. To strikethrough text in Roam you simply add ~~ on both sides of the text. Roam's syntax differs from most Markdown flavors in that it uses double underscores, whereas most other editors use a single underscore on both sides to italicize text. You can also use the Ctrl/Cmd-i keyboard shortcut to achieve the same. To italicize text in Roam, you need to add _ (double underscore) to both sides if the text snippet. This is the same syntax that's used in most Markdown editors. An even quicker way is to hit the Ctrl/Cmd-b keyboard shortcut to have Roam add the asterisks and place the cursor in the middle. To bold a snippet of text, you simply need to add ** on both side. But, as with many Markdown flavors, Roam does a few things differently. Things like bolding, italicizing, and striking through are easily done with Markdown. The most used Markdown syntax is probably to style text. In this article I'll mention where the Roam Markdown flavor differs from the standard (GitHub) flavor. One popular way to convert large volumes of Roam Markdown to standard Markdown is by using the note-taking app Obsidian (by the creators of Dynalist). In Roam, you need _ (double underscores) on each side to italicize a phrase.īecause of this, it’s sometimes necessary to clean up the exported files before you can use them in other Markdown apps (although this depends on the app). Each app has its own needs and shortcodes, so Markdown formats differ a bit.įor example, the most popular Markdown flavor ( Github) uses a single * or _ on each side of a phrase to italicize it. It’s important to mention that not all apps use the same version (also called “flavor”) of Markdown. How the formatting is interpreted depends on the writing tool you're using as not all use the same version of Markdown. That's not the case with Markdown.Īs you see, the formatting is all done via plain text. While many editors and word processors have shortcuts to style text (like **bold**, _italics_, or ~~strikethrough~~), copying your text outside of these tools will remove all formatting. In Markdown, the paragraph above looks like this: () is a way to style text on the web or note-taking apps, using plain text only. While many editors and word processors have shortcuts to style text (like bold, italics, or strikethrough), copying your text outside of these tools will remove all formatting. Markdown is a way to style text on the web or note-taking apps, using plain text only. In this article, I'll show you everything you need to know for frictionless entry of formatted text in Roam. The Daily Notes Page is one application of this principle, but so is Markdown. Roam is a note-taking tool with an important principle: frictionless entry of information. Catherine Carr, MCEC, PCC, RCC Inge Simons, MCC Paul L. 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